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Water flow: pipes, orifices, weirs & channels calculator

Engineering calculators (Beta)

Choose a model matching the flow geometry to estimate water flow.

Inputs

Choose units and enter numbers. Full-width digits and fractions such as 1/8 or 1 3/8 are accepted. Changing a unit converts the entered value.

Results

Reference calculation only. Results do not certify suitability for an actual design or its safety.

Diagram

Inputs: select a blue symbol to edit Results: red-orange values and lines

Formula and applicability

Q=Av; orifice Q=CdA√(2gh); rectangular weir Q=(2/3)Cd b√(2g)h^1.5; V-notch Q=(8/15)Cd tan(θ/2)√(2g)h^2.5; Manning Q=A Rh^(2/3)√S/n

Displayed values are rounded. Diagrams illustrate the calculation conditions. Initial material and fluid properties are examples; replace them with values for the actual material, temperature and conditions.

Reference
Using this information as a reference

Equations assume particular loads, supports and deformation ranges. Check inputs, units and the applicability of each equation. Diagrams explain conditions; they are not manufacturing drawings or proof of safety.

Material values are typical values or reference ranges, not certified product properties or ready-to-use design allowables. They vary with standards, product form, dimensions, temper and temperature. Check the specifications and inspection certificates for the actual product.

Displayed safety factors and checks apply only to the supplied inputs and calculation model. They do not automatically establish the safety of a complete design, including code compliance, service life, fatigue or joints. For actual design, manufacture and use, separately verify applicable regulations and standards, product specifications, and the necessary tests and engineering review.

この計算で求められること

流れ方に合うモデルを選び、水の流量を求めます。

入力・結果・適用条件を確認する

選択した形状・計算方法により、使う項目は変わります。実際の計算は上の図と入力欄で行えます。

主な入力

  • 流量モデル (—)
  • 管・孔の内径 D (mm / cm / m)
  • 流れの断面積 A (m² / cm² / mm²)
  • 平均流速 v (m/s / km/h / mm/s)
  • 水頭・水深 h (m / mm / ft)
  • 堰・水路の幅 b (mm / cm / m)
  • 三角堰の開き角 θ (° / rad)
  • 流量係数 Cd (—)
  • Manning粗度係数 n(SI) (s/m⅓)
  • 水路のエネルギー勾配 S (—)

得られる結果

  • 体積流量 Q (L/min)
  • 流れの面積/孔面積 (m²)
  • 断面平均流速/孔平均流速 (m/s)

計算式の概要

Q=Av; orifice Q=CdA√(2gh); rectangular weir Q=(2/3)Cd b√(2g)h^1.5; V-notch Q=(8/15)Cd tan(θ/2)√(2g)h^2.5; Manning Q=A Rh^(2/3)√S/n

管は満管。孔は大きな水槽の小孔・自由流出。堰は通気された自由越流・上流速度を無視し、hは堰頂からの水頭です。Manningは一様・定常の長方形開水路。係数は形状・適用条件に合う値を指定。圧力だけから一般配管の流量を決める計算ではありません。

現在選択中の方法には、操作欄の「計算式・適用条件」を使ってください。参考計算であり、設計全体の安全性を保証するものではありません。

関連する計算

What this calculator does

Choose a model matching the flow geometry to estimate water flow.

Inputs, outputs and applicability

The selected model determines which of these inputs and outputs apply. Use the working diagram and input panel above to calculate.

Inputs

  • Flow model (—)
  • Pipe / orifice diameter D (mm / cm / m)
  • Flow area A (m² / cm² / mm²)
  • Mean velocity v (m/s / km/h / mm/s)
  • Head / water depth h (m / mm / ft)
  • Weir / channel width b (mm / cm / m)
  • V-notch included angle θ (° / rad)
  • Discharge coefficient Cd (—)
  • Manning roughness n (SI) (s/m⅓)
  • Channel energy slope S (—)

Calculated results

  • Volume flow Q (L/min)
  • Flow / orifice area (m²)
  • Mean section / orifice velocity (m/s)

Formula overview

Q=Av; orifice Q=CdA√(2gh); rectangular weir Q=(2/3)Cd b√(2g)h^1.5; V-notch Q=(8/15)Cd tan(θ/2)√(2g)h^2.5; Manning Q=A Rh^(2/3)√S/n

Pipes are full. Orifice assumes a small opening in a large tank with free discharge. Weirs require ventilated free overflow and negligible approach velocity; h is head above crest. Manning assumes uniform steady rectangular-channel flow. Specify applicable coefficients. Pressure alone does not determine general pipe flow.

The displayed formula and conditions in the working panel apply to the currently selected model. Reference calculation only; it does not certify a complete design.

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