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Check tipping and sliding of a tall assembly

Resistance to tipping and resistance to sliding are different. Check which boundary is reached first under a lateral load.

A tall assembly on level ground with a rightward lateral force, centre of gravity and separate contact reactions.GmmgFRLRRBhhc
Side view under a rightward force on a level floor. B spans the actual contact edges. Distinguish weight through G from the application height h of F.

What you will understand

  • Use actual contact width, not overall width
  • Distinguish tipping from sliding
  • Understand negative reactions and model limits

Blue: defined conditions · Red: calculated quantities. Diagrams are schematic.

  • B: contact-edge spacing / G: combined centre of gravity
  • F, h: lateral load and application height
  • RL, RR: contact reactions

The examples below are illustrative. Each example button loads its fixed values, units and mode. Ordinary calculator links do not load an example.

Match the footprint and centre of gravity

B is the distance between actual contact edges in the checked direction. An overhanging cover does not support the assembly. Include payloads and attached parts in the combined centre of gravity.

  • Check both horizontal directions separately
  • Check foot contact, floor slope and eccentric payloads
  • Distinguish force height h from centre-of-gravity height hc

Separate the tipping and sliding boundaries

For a centred CG on level ground, compare Fh with mgB/2 for tipping, and lateral force with the static-friction limit μmg for sliding. These are ideal static boundaries, not target design margins.

For practical review

On a level floor, lowering hc alone while holding F and h fixed does not change Fh in this model. CG height matters for effects such as gravity moment on a slope. Impact, acceleration and earthquake response require additional dynamic assessment.

Level floor, centred CG: tipping margin = mgB/2 − Fh / sliding margin = μmg − |F|

Read margins together with reactions

A negative reaction means that side cannot maintain contact in this unanchored model. It does not mean the floor can pull the assembly downward.

Example: push a 100 kg assembly at 1.2 m height

Inputs

  • Level floor; B = 600 mm; CG x = 0, hc = 1,000 mm
  • F = 200 N; h = 1,200 mm; μ = 0.30 (assumed)

Results

  • Tipping moment margin ≈ 54.20 N·m
  • Static-friction margin ≈ 94.20 N
  • Left/right reactions ≈ 90.33 N / 890.33 N

The example is within the entered static boundaries, not a safety approval. At F = 300 N, tipping margin becomes about −65.80 N·m and contact cannot be maintained. With μ = 0.10, even 200 N exceeds the sliding boundary.

Load the fixed values, units and mode for this illustration. Then edit them for your conditions.

This comparison changes only the lateral load to 300 N.

Check what each change improves

Compare feasible changes to footprint width, force application height and weight distribution. A change that addresses sliding may not address tipping.

  • For counterweights, check mass, location and supporting structure
  • Assess anchors and casters separately; this model does not include them
  • Check floor strength, collisions, changing loads and protective measures

Keep a review checklist

This checklist is a personal reminder, not a safety score or an automatic approval. It is not sent or saved.

Continue with another guide

Reference information and illustrative calculations. This content does not guarantee suitability or safety of a design. Confirm the actual materials, component specifications and operating conditions.